Aortic valve stenosis is a medical condition characterized by the narrowing or tightening of the aortic valve, which is responsible for controlling the blood flow from the heart's left ventricle to the aorta, the main artery that carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. This narrowing restricts the blood flow, causing the heart to work harder to pump blood throughout the body.
In aortic valve stenosis, the valve becomes thickened and rigid, failing to open fully during the heartbeat. This condition can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life, typically due to age-related degeneration or the build-up of calcium deposits on the valve.
As aortic stenosis progresses, it can lead to various symptoms, including chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, fatigue, and heart palpitations. Severe cases of aortic valve stenosis can ultimately result in heart failure if left untreated.
Diagnosis of aortic valve stenosis usually involves a physical examination, along with the use of diagnostic tools such as echocardiography, electrocardiography, and cardiac catheterization. Treatment options for aortic valve stenosis depend on the severity of the condition but may include medication to manage symptoms or more invasive interventions such as balloon valvuloplasty or surgical valve replacement.
Early detection and prompt medical intervention are crucial for aortic valve stenosis to prevent further complications and improve overall prognosis. Regular follow-ups with a healthcare professional are necessary to monitor the condition and ensure appropriate management.
