Bechterew Disease, also known as ankylosing spondylitis, is a chronic and progressive inflammatory condition primarily affecting the spine and sacroiliac joints. It falls under the category of spondyloarthropathies, a group of autoimmune diseases that predominantly affect the axial skeleton. The term "Bechterew Disease" is often used interchangeably with ankylosing spondylitis, named after the Russian neurologist Vladimir Bechterew who first described the condition in the late 19th century.
The disease typically manifests with stiffness, pain, and limited mobility in the affected areas, specifically the lower back, pelvis, and hips. Over time, the inflammation can lead to fusion and rigidness of the spinal vertebrae, resulting in a characteristic forward stooped posture. Other symptoms commonly associated with Bechterew Disease may include fatigue, joint swelling, eye inflammation (uveitis), and, in severe cases, chest and breathing difficulties due to fused rib joints.
Bechterew Disease is believed to have a genetic predisposition and is often diagnosed in early adulthood, but the age of onset and severity can vary greatly among individuals. Although there is no cure for the condition, treatment primarily focuses on managing symptoms, preventing progression, and maintaining function. This may involve a combination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), physical therapy, exercise, and, in some cases, immunosuppressive medications or biologic agents to reduce inflammation and slow the disease's progression.
Early diagnosis and appropriate management play a crucial role in improving the quality of life for individuals living with Bechterew Disease, helping them better manage pain, maintain mobility, and prevent irreversible damage to the spine and joints.
