Cancer of the eye, often referred to as ocular cancer or intraocular cancer, is a malignant tumor that develops within the eye or its associated structures. It is a rare form of cancer, accounting for a small percentage of all cancer cases.
The eye is a complex organ consisting of various components, including the retina, iris, lens, and optic nerve. Cancer can originate from any of these structures and may manifest as different types of ocular cancers, such as retinoblastoma, uveal melanoma, or primary intraocular lymphoma.
Retinoblastoma primarily occurs in children and originates in the retina. Uveal melanoma, on the other hand, arises in the cells that produce pigment in the uvea, which includes the iris, choroid, and ciliary body. Primary intraocular lymphoma is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the eyes.
Signs and symptoms of ocular cancer may vary depending on the type and stage of the tumor. They can include blurred vision, seeing flashes of light, floaters, changes in the appearance of the eye, pain, or a decrease in visual acuity.
Treatment options for cancer of the eye depend on various factors, including the size, location, and spread of the tumor. Treatment may involve surgical removal of the tumor, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. Some cases may also require enucleation, which is the surgical removal of the affected eye.
Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial in improving the prognosis of ocular cancer. Regular eye examinations and seeking medical attention for any concerning symptoms can aid in the early diagnosis and successful management of cancer of the eye.
