CLAB is an acronym that stands for Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection. It refers to a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that occurs when bacteria or other pathogens enter the bloodstream through a central line, which is a long, thin tube inserted into a large vein in the body. Typically, these central lines are used for delivering medication, nutrition, or fluids directly into the bloodstream, particularly in hospitalized patients who require long-term treatment or monitoring.
A CLAB infection occurs due to improper handling or maintenance of the central line, allowing bacteria or other pathogens to contaminate the line or the surrounding area. Common bacteria that cause CLAB infections include Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, among others.
Symptoms of CLAB may include fever, chills, fatigue, rapid heartbeat, and discomfort around the central line insertion site. If left untreated, the infection can spread to other parts of the body, leading to serious complications such as sepsis or organ damage.
Prevention measures for CLAB infections include strict adherence to proper hand hygiene, use of sterile techniques during invasive procedures, regular cleaning and changing of dressings, and vigilant monitoring for signs of infection. Treatment generally involves the administration of antibiotics, removal and replacement of the infected central line, and supportive care to manage any associated complications.
