The Congress of the United States refers to the bicameral legislative body of the federal government of the United States, composed of two separate chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. As the preeminent law-making entity in the country, the Congress holds significant power and plays a crucial role in the functioning of the American political system.
The Senate, also known as the upper house, consists of 100 members, two from each state, regardless of population size. The House of Representatives, on the other hand, is known as the lower house and comprises 435 members proportionally based on the population of each state. The primary responsibilities of the Congress include enacting legislation, passing federal budgets, oversight of the executive branch, approving presidential nominations and treaties, and conducting investigations.
The Congress of the United States is empowered with a distinct system of checks and balances among the three branches of government, aiming to prevent the excessive accumulation of power in any one entity. This system is fundamental to the American democracy, intended to ensure that no single branch disproportionately influences the nation's governance.
Through debate, committee hearings, and votes, Congress members represent their constituents and deliberate on significant issues affecting the country, including economic matters, national security, social policies, and international relations. The Congress safeguards the rights and interests of the American people, shaping the legislative landscape and providing the framework for policies that shape the nation's future.
