DIFFERENTIAL SCREENING Meaning and
Definition
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Differential screening is a technique used in molecular biology and genetics to identify and isolate specific genes or DNA sequences that are differentially expressed under different conditions. It involves comparing gene expression profiles between two or more samples or experimental conditions to identify genes that are uniquely or significantly expressed in one condition compared to the others.
The process of differential screening typically involves the use of complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries or nucleic acid probes to detect and amplify specific mRNA molecules. Samples of mRNA are obtained from different sources or conditions and converted into cDNA. These cDNA samples are then labeled and hybridized with nucleic acid probes specific to the target genes or sequences of interest.
The hybridization process allows for the identification of differentially expressed genes by measuring the relative abundance of labeled cDNA in each sample. By comparing the signal intensities of the hybridized probes on a microarray or through other detection methods, researchers can identify genes that are upregulated or downregulated in specific conditions.
Differential screening is widely used in molecular biology research to identify genes with altered expression patterns in disease states, developmental processes, or environmental stimuli. It provides valuable insights into the regulation and function of genes and allows researchers to study the molecular mechanisms underlying biological processes.
Common Misspellings for DIFFERENTIAL SCREENING
- sifferential screening
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- difderential screening
- difcerential screening
Etymology of DIFFERENTIAL SCREENING
The word "differential" comes from the Latin word "differentia", which means "difference" or "distinction". It is derived from the Latin prefix "dif-" meaning "apart" or "away", and the verb "ferre", meaning "to carry" or "to bear". Thus, "differential" essentially means "carrying or making a distinction".
The term "screening" comes from the Old English word "scrēnung", which meant "the act of separating or sifting". It is derived from the word "scrēn" meaning "a partition" or "something that provides shelter or protection". Eventually, "screening" came to be used in various contexts related to examination, selection, or evaluation.
When combined, "differential screening" refers to a technique or process used to distinguish or identify differences between different samples or populations.
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