Excess blood calcium, also known as hypercalcemia, refers to a state in which the levels of calcium in the bloodstream are higher than normal. Calcium plays a vital role in numerous bodily functions, such as bone formation, muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. However, when the levels of calcium exceed the normal range, it can lead to various health complications.
Hypercalcemia can be caused by several factors, including overactive parathyroid glands (primary hyperparathyroidism), certain types of cancer (such as lung, breast, or kidney cancers), prolonged immobilization, and excessive intake of calcium and vitamin D supplements. Common symptoms of excess blood calcium include fatigue, weakness, increased thirst and urination, constipation, abdominal pain, bone pain, nausea, and confusion.
The effects of excess blood calcium can have a detrimental impact on different organ systems within the body. It can affect the kidneys, leading to the formation of kidney stones, as well as impairing their ability to filter and excrete waste. Hypercalcemia can disrupt the electrical impulses in the heart, causing abnormal heart rhythms. It can also weaken bones over time, contributing to conditions like osteoporosis.
Treatment for excess blood calcium typically involves addressing the underlying cause. This may involve surgical intervention to remove or manage an overactive parathyroid gland or treating the underlying cancer. Additionally, medications may be prescribed to regulate calcium levels and promote excretion. Close monitoring of blood calcium levels, as well as periodic medical check-ups, is crucial to ensure appropriate management and prevent complications associated with excess blood calcium.
