Hepatocarcinoma is a medical term used to describe a type of cancer that originates in the liver. Also known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is the most common form of primary liver cancer, accounting for approximately 75-85% of all cases.
Hepatocarcinoma typically develops in individuals with liver disease, especially those with cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection, excessive alcohol consumption, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The cancerous cells arise from the hepatocytes, which are the main functional cells in the liver responsible for metabolic processes and detoxification.
Common symptoms of hepatocarcinoma include abdominal pain, weight loss, loss of appetite, fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and swelling in the abdomen. However, these symptoms may not be present in the early stages of the disease, making early detection and diagnosis challenging.
Diagnosis of hepatocarcinoma usually involves a combination of medical imaging techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Biopsy may also be performed to confirm the presence of cancerous cells.
Treatment options for hepatocarcinoma depend on the stage and progression of the disease. They can include surgical removal of the tumor, liver transplant, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted drug therapy, and ablation techniques. The choice of treatment is determined by various factors, including the size and spread of the tumor, the liver's functioning, and the overall health and preferences of the patient.
Regular follow-up monitoring and surveillance are crucial for individuals diagnosed with hepatocarcinoma to detect any recurrence or spread of the cancer and to manage the progression of liver disease.
