Migraine with auras refers to a specific type of migraine headache that typically involves sensory disturbances known as auras before the onset of the headache pain. Auras are typically visual disruptions that occur shortly before or during the headache phase but can also affect other senses such as touch, smell, or hearing. The exact cause of migraine with auras is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic factors and abnormal brain activity, specifically affecting the part of the brain responsible for processing sensory information.
During a migraine with auras episode, individuals experience a variety of visual disturbances, including the appearance of flashing lights, zigzag lines, blind spots, or shimmering lights. Some may also encounter other aura symptoms such as tingling or numbness in the face or extremities, language difficulties, or disturbances in the sense of smell.
The typical duration of the aura phase is usually less than an hour, followed by the onset of the headache. This headache phase is often characterized by a severe throbbing or pulsating pain on one side of the head, accompanied by other symptoms like sensitivity to light, sound, and sometimes nausea or vomiting.
The diagnosis of migraine with auras is typically based on an individual's reported symptoms, medical history, and ruling out other possible causes. Treatment generally involves a combination of preventive measures (such as identifying and avoiding triggers) and acute treatments (such as pain-relieving medications or anti-nausea drugs) administered during or after the aura phase. Individuals experiencing migraines with auras should consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and management of the condition.
