How Do You Spell PHENYLALANINE TRNA LIGASE?

1. Phenylalanine tRNA ligase is an enzyme involved in protein synthesis that plays a key role in attaching the amino acid phenylalanine to a specific transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule. This process, known as aminoacylation or charging of tRNA, is a crucial step in the translation of genetic information from DNA to protein.

   Phenylalanine tRNA ligase belongs to a class of enzymes called ligases, which are responsible for catalyzing the formation of covalent bonds between two molecules. Specifically, this ligase is responsible for the attachment of phenylalanine to the 3' end of its corresponding tRNA, which possesses a specific anticodon that recognizes the phenylalanine codon on the mRNA during translation.

   The catalytic activity of phenylalanine tRNA ligase involves a two-step process. In the first step, the enzyme activates phenylalanine by binding it to adenosine triphosphate (ATP), resulting in the formation of a phenylalanine-AMP complex. In the second step, the enzyme transfers the activated phenylalanine to the tRNA molecule, releasing AMP in the process.

   The accurate aminoacylation of tRNA by phenylalanine tRNA ligase is crucial for proper protein synthesis, as it ensures that the correct amino acid is incorporated at the appropriate position in the growing polypeptide chain. Defects or mutations in the gene encoding this enzyme can lead to a variety of genetic disorders, such as phenylketonuria (PKU), which is characterized by impaired phenylalanine metabolism due to a deficiency in phenylalanine tRNA ligase activity.

Common Misspellings for PHENYLALANINE TRNA LIGASE

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