The "right to life" refers to the fundamental human right that every individual possesses, guaranteeing their entitlement to an existence free from violence, harm, or intentional termination. It represents the principle that all human beings have an inherent worth and should be protected from any deliberate or arbitrary deprivation of life. It recognizes life as an essential and inviolable asset, forming the foundation upon which other rights and freedoms are built.
The right to life is often regarded as the most fundamental of all human rights, as it underpins the realization of other rights such as liberty, personal security, and equality. It obligates governments and societies to safeguard the life of every person within their jurisdiction, irrespective of their age, gender, race, nationality, or any other distinguishing characteristic.
This right encompasses not only the negative duty to refrain from intentionally causing harm or loss of life, but also the positive obligation to prevent avoidable deaths by effectively providing healthcare, safety, and adequate living conditions. It encompasses protecting individuals against crimes like murder, genocide, and extrajudicial killings, as well as ensuring fair access to medical treatment, sanitation, nutrition, and essential social services.
The right to life is enshrined in various international human rights instruments, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and regional human rights conventions. It serves as a cornerstone for creating just and inclusive societies, emphasizing the inherent value of every human being and the shared responsibility to ensure their right to life is respected and upheld.
