How Do You Spell GLYCOPROTEIN P?

1. Glycoprotein P, also known as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) or multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), is a cell membrane protein present in many mammalian cells. It belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family and plays a crucial role in multidrug resistance (MDR) mechanisms.

   The glycoprotein P acts as an efflux pump primarily involved in the elimination of xenobiotics and foreign substances from cells, including drugs, toxins, and harmful metabolites. Its distribution is particularly prominent in the epithelial cells of major excretory organs, such as the intestines, kidneys, and liver, as well as in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and placental barrier.

   The function of glycoprotein P is mainly attributed to its ATP-binding and energy-dependent transport activities. By utilizing ATP hydrolysis, it actively pumps substances out of the cells, ensuring that the intracellular concentrations are kept below toxic levels. This mechanism is one of the significant contributors to drug resistance in many types of cancer cells, as it hinders the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs, resulting in reduced treatment efficacy.

   The glycoprotein P is encoded by the ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) gene. Genetic variations in this gene can influence the expression and function of glycoprotein P, leading to interindividual variability in drug response and susceptibility to toxic compounds.

   Overall, glycoprotein P plays a crucial role in cellular defense mechanisms against potentially harmful substances and has significant implications in drug disposition and efficacy, as well as disease progression and treatment response.

Common Misspellings for GLYCOPROTEIN P

The term "Glycoprotein p" refers to a protein called P-glycoprotein, which is also known as multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1). The etymology of the word can be broken down as follows:

1. Glyco-: The prefix "glyco-" comes from the Greek word "glykys", meaning "sweet". In this context, it refers to the presence of sugar or carbohydrate molecules attached to the protein.

2. Protein: The word "protein" comes from the Greek word "proteios", meaning "primary" or "of prime importance". Proteins are essential macromolecules composed of amino acids that play crucial roles in cellular structure and function.

3. P: The letter "P" in this context is generally used as an abbreviation for "P-glycoprotein" or "permeability glycoprotein".